LIC BOOK (SALIVAHANAM)

4TH SEMESTER

DIGITIAL LOGIC CIRCUITS(BOOK)

BOOK BY
   A.P GODSE
   D.A GODSE

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POWER PLANT ENGINEERING (BOOK)

BOOK BY
   PK NAG

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ELECTRIC MACHINES-I(BOOK)

ELECTRIC MACHINES -I
                            book by
                              I J NAGRATH
                               D P KOTHARI

ELECTRICAL MACHINES -I

Electrical machines book 
                      U.A BAKSHI
                      M.A BAKSHI


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LIC D.ROY CHOUDHURY BOOK

D.ROY CHOUDHURY

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DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUITS

AIM
To introduce the fundamentals of Digital Circuits, combinational and sequential circuit.
OBJECTIVES
     i. To study various number systems and to simplify the mathematical expressions using Boolean functions – simple problems.
    ii. To study implementation of combinational circuits
    iii. To study the design of various synchronous and asynchronous circuits.
    iv. To expose the students to various memory devices.
    v. To introduce digital simulation techniques for development of application oriented logic circuit.
UNIT-I BOOLEAN ALGEBRA AND COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS
      Boolean algebra: De-Morgan’s theorem, switching functions and simplification using K-maps & Quine McCluskey method, Design of adder, subtractor, comparators, code converters, encoders, decoders, multiplexers and demultiplexers.
UNIT-II SYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 
Flip flops - SR, D, JK and T. Analysis of synchronous sequential circuits; design of synchronous sequential circuits – Counters, state diagram; state reduction; state assignment.
UNIT-III ASYCHRONOUS SEQUENCTIAL CIRCUIT
      Analysis of asynchronous sequential machines, state assignment, asynchronous design problem.
UNIT-IV PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES, MEMORY AND LOGIC FAMILIES
     Memories: ROM, PROM, EPROM, PLA, PLD, FPGA, digital logic families: TTL, ECL, CMOS.
UNIT-V VHDL 
      RTL Design – combinational logic – Types – Operators – Packages – Sequential circuit – Sub programs – Test benches. (Examples: adders, counters, flipflops, FSM, Multiplexers / Demultiplexers).
TEXT BOOKS
     1. Raj Kamal, ‘ Digital systems-Principles and Design’, Pearson education 2nd edition, 2007
     2. M. Morris Mano, ‘Digital Design’, Pearson Education, 2006.
     3. John M.Yarbrough, ‘Digital Logic, Application & Design’, Thomson, 2002.
REFERENCES
    1. Charles H.Roth, ‘Fundamentals Logic Design’, Jaico Publishing, IV edition, 2002.
    2. Floyd and Jain, ‘Digital Fundamentals’, 8th edition, Pearson Education, 2003.
    3. John F.Wakerly, ‘Digital Design Principles and Practice’, 3rd edition, Pearson Education, 2002.
Tocci, “Digital Systems : Principles and applications, 8th Edition” Pearson Education

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND APPLICATIONS

AIM
To introduce the concepts for realizing functional building blocks in ICs, fabrications & application of ICs.
OBJECTIVES
i. To study the IC fabrication procedure.
ii. To study characteristics; realize circuits; design for signal analysis using Op-amp ICs.
iii. To study the applications of Op-amp.
iv. To study internal functional blocks and the applications of special ICs like Timers, PLL circuits, regulator Circuits, ADCs.
UNIT-I IC FABRICATION
IC classification, fundamental of monolithic IC technology, epitaxial growth, masking and etching, diffusion of impurities. Realisation of monolithic ICs and packaging. Fabrication of diodes, capacitance, resistance and FETs.
UNIT-II CHARACTERISTICS OF OPAMP
Ideal OP-AMP characteristics, DC characteristics, AC characteristics, offset voltage and current: voltage series feedback and shunt feedback amplifiers, differential amplifier; frequency response of OP-AMP; Basic applications of op-amp – summer, differentiator and integrator.
UNIT-III APPLICATIONS OF OPAMP
Instrumentation amplifier, first and second order active filters, V/I & I/V converters, comparators, multivibrators, waveform generators, clippers, clampers, peak detector, S/H circuit, D/A converter (R-2R ladder and weighted resistor types), A/D converter - Dual slope, successive approximation and flash types.
UNIT-IV SPECIAL ICs
555 Timer circuit – Functional block, characteristics & applications; 566-voltage controlled oscillator circuit; 565-phase lock loop circuit functioning and applications, Analog multiplier ICs.
UNIT-V APPLICATION ICs
IC voltage regulators - LM317, 723 regulators, switching regulator, MA 7840, LM 380 power amplifier, ICL 8038 function generator IC, isolation amplifiers, opto coupler, opto electronic ICs.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ramakant A.Gayakward, ‘Op-amps and Linear Integrated Circuits’, IV edition, Pearson Education, 2003 / PHI. (2000)
2. D.Roy Choudhary, Sheil B.Jani, ‘Linear Integrated Circuits’, II edition, New Age, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. Jacob Millman, Christos C.Halkias, ‘Integrated Electronics - Analog and Digital circuits system’, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.
2. Robert F.Coughlin, Fredrick F.Driscoll, ‘Op-amp and Linear ICs’, Pearson Education, 4th edition, 2002 / PHI.
3. David A.Bell, ‘Op-amp & Linear ICs’, Prentice Hall of India, 2nd edition, 1997

ELECTRICAL MACHINES -1

AIM
    To expose the students to the basic principles of Electro mechanical Energy Conversion in Electrical Apparatus and the operation of Transformers and DC Machines.
OBJECTIVES
    i. To familiarize the constructional details, the principle of operation, prediction of performance, the methods of testing the transformers and three phase transformer connections.
    ii. To introduce the principles of electromechanical energy conversion in singly and multiply excited systems.

    iii. To study the working principles of electrical machines using the concepts of electromechanical energy conversion principles and derive expressions for generated voltage and torque developed in all Electrical Machines.
    iv. To study the working principles of DC machines as Generator and Motor, types, determination of their no-load/load characteristics, starting and methods of speed control of motors.
    v. To estimate the various losses taking place in D.C. machines and to study the different testing methods to arrive at their performance.
UNIT I - INTRODUCTION 
     Electrical machine types – Magnetic circuits – Inductance – Statically and Dynamically induced EMF - Torque – Hysteresis- Core losses - AC operation of magnetic circuits.
UNIT II - TRANSFORMERS
     Construction – principle of operation – equivalent circuit – losses – testing – efficiency and voltage regulation – auto transformer – three phase connections – parallel operation of transformers – tap changing.
UNIT III -ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION
    Energy in magnetic systems – field energy, coenergy and mechanical force – singly and multiply excited systems.
UNIT IV - BASIC CONCEPTS IN ROTATING MACHINES 
   Generated voltages in ac and dc machines, mmf of distributed windings – magnetic fields in rotating machines – rotating mmf waves – torque in ac and dc machines.
UNIT V - DC MACHINES 
    Construction – EMF and torque – circuit model – armature reaction – commutation – methods of excitation – characteristics of generators – characteristics of motors – starting and speed control – testing and efficiency – parallel operation.
TEXT BOOKS:
    1. Nagrath I. J and Kothari D. P. ‘Electric Machines’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd, 1990.
    2. P.S. Bimbhra, ‘Electrical Machinery’, Khanna Publishers, 2003.
REFERENCES:
    1. Fitzgerald.A.E., Charles Kingsely Jr, Stephen D.Umans, ‘Electric Machinery’, McGraw Hill Books Company, 1992.
    2. P. C. Sen., ‘Principles of Electrical Machines and Power Electronics’, John Wiley&Sons, 1997.
    3. K. Murugesh Kumar, ‘Electric Machines’, Vikas publishing house Pvt Ltd, 2002.









POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

AIM
      Expose the students to basics of various power plants so that they will have the comprehensive idea of power system operation.
OBJECTIVES
    To become familiar with operation of various power plants.
UNIT I - THERMAL POWER PLANTS

      Basic thermodynamic cycles, various components of steam power plant-layout-pulverized coal burners- Fluidized bed combustion-coal handling systems-ash handling systems- Forced draft and induced draft fans- Boilers-feed pumps-super heater- regenerator-condenser- dearearators-cooling tower.
UNIT II - HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
     Layout-dams-selection of water turbines-types-pumped storage hydel plants 

UNIT III  - NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
    Principles of nuclear energy- Fission reactions-nuclear reactor-nuclear power plants 
UNIT IV - GAS AND DISEL POWER PLANT
     Types, open and closed cycle gas turbine, work output & thermal efficiency, methods to improve performance-reheating, intercoolings, regeneration-advantage and disadvantages- Diesel engine power plant-component and layout
UNIT V - NON-CONVENTIONAL POWER GENERATION
     Solar energy collectors, OTEC, wind power plants, tidal power plants and geothermal resources, fuel cell, MHD power generation-principle, thermoelectric power generation, thermionic power generation

TEXT BOOKS
    1. A Course in Power Plant Engineering by Arora and Domkundwar, Dhanpat Rai and Co.Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.
    2. Power Plant Engineering by P.K. Nag, Tata McGraw Hill, Second Edition , Fourth reprint 2003.
REFERENCES:
    1. Power station Engineering and Economy by Bernhardt G.A.Skrotzki and William A. Vopat-Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 20th reprint 2002.
    2. An introduction to power plant technology by G.D. Rai-Khanna Publishers, Delhi-110 005.
    3. Power Plant Technology, M.M. El-Wakil McGraw Hill 1984.



CONTROL SYSTEM

AIM
To provide sound knowledge in the basic concepts of linear control theory and design of control system.
OBJECTIVES 
i To understand the methods of representation of systems and to desire their transfer function models. 
ii To provide adequate knowledge in the time response of systems and steady state error analysis.
iii To accord basic knowledge in obtaining the open loop and closed–loop frequency responses of systems.
iv To understand the concept of stability of control system and methods of stability analysis.
v To study the three ways of designing compensation for a control system.
UNIT I - SYSTEMS AND THEIR REPRESENTATION 
       Basic elements in control systems – Open and closed loop systems – Electrical analogy of mechanical and thermal systems – Transfer function – Synchros – AC and DC servomotors – Block diagram reduction techniques – Signal flow graphs. 
UNIT II - TIME RESPONSE 
           Time response – Time domain specifications – Types of test input – I and II order system response – Error coefficients – Generalized error series – Steady state error – P, PI, PID modes of feed back control.
UNIT III -FREQUENCY RESPONSE
           Frequency response – Bode plot – Polar plot – Determination of closed loop response from open loop response – Correlation between frequency domain and time domain specifications.
UNIT IV - STABILITY OF CONTROL SYSTEM 
        Characteristics equation – Location of roots in S plane for stability – Routh Hurwitz criterion – Root locus construction – Effect of pole, zero addition – Gain margin and phase margin – Nyquist stability criterion.
UNIT V -COMPENSATOR DESIGN
       Performance criteria – Lag, lead and lag-lead networks – Compensator design using bode plots.

TEXT BOOKS
   1. I.J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, ‘Control Systems Engineering’, New Age International Publishers, 2003.
   2. Benjamin C. Kuo, Automatic Control systems, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2003.

REFERENCES
    1. K. Ogata, ‘Modern Control Engineering’, 4th edition, PHI, New Delhi, 2002.
    2. Norman S. Nise, Control Systems Engineering, 4th Edition, John Wiley, New Delhi, 2007.
    3. Samarajit Ghosh, Control systems, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2004
    4. M. Gopal, ‘Control Systems, Principles and Design’, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2002.